The article describes the results of the investigation of the mechanism of lesion of the cardiovascular system under the condition of experimental alimentary obesity. Metabolic disorders of lipoproteins are the major factor of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The degree of its formation risk in each person varies and depends on the variant of imbalance of the serum lipid profile. Topicality of the research is caused by the prevalence of obesity, a significant risk of cardiovascular disease in conditions of lipid metabolism changes, the probability of the effect of essential macro- and micronutrients on lipid metabolism. The purpose of study is investigation of the relation between lipid spectrum, essential bioelements (Zn2+, Mg2+, Cu2+) in the blood serum and body weight of the female rats with experimental obesity. The study has been conducted at 60 white non-breeding adult rats weighing 150-180 g that have been divided into two experimental groups: obese animals (experimental group, n = 30) and intact animals (control group, n = 30). For comparison, similar studies have been performed at intact animals (control group). To simulate obesity animals have been kept 48 Experimental and clinical physiology and biochemistry, ECPB 2018, 2(82): 43.48. https://doi.org/ on a high-calorie diet. Control over reproduction of alimentary obesity has been carried out by weighing of animals, measuring nasal-anal length and calculation of BMI. The blood serum lipid profile has been evaluated for total cholesterol (CHO), high density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol), low density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol), triglycerides (TG) and an atherogenicity factor (CA). The amount of zinc, magnesium and copper has been investigated in erythrocytic mass by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Euthanasia of animals has been carried out by decapitation under ketamine quenching (100 mg / kg body weight). The keeping, feeding and euthanasia of animals have been performed in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine ‡‚ 3447-IV On the Protection of Animals from Cruel Treatment, 2006), the principles of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for research and other scientific purposes (Strasbourg, 1986). A result of the study shows that the obese rats have an increase of total cholesterol activity (46.83 %, p < 0.01), triglycerides ( twice, p < 0.05), LDL cholesterol (43,75 %, p < 0.05) and decrease of the amount of HDL cholesterol (66.34 %, p < 0.05). A significant increase of CA that exceeded the control data by 3.85 times (p < 0.001) can in the experimental group of animals be considered as a marker of lipid imbalance. As a result of the correlation analysis, the direct moderate strength correlation relationship between BMI and: the content of TCH (r = 0.61, p < 0.05), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.55, p < 0.05), CA (r = 0.59, p < 0.05), reverse - between BMI and HDL cholesterol (r = -0.49, p < 0.01) has been determined. A level of zinc in the erythrocytic mass in the animals with obesity has decreased by 22.67 % (p < 0.05), magnesium content by 32.28 % (p < 0.01), and a level of copper has increased by 16.13 % (p < 0,05) in the erythrocytic mass of rats comparing to similar parameters of the control group. As a result of the correlation analysis, the direct moderate correlation between the BMI and the content of the chemical elements in the erythrocytic mass of obese animals has been found: magnesium (r = 0.61, p < 0.05), zinc (r = 0.68, p < 0.05); reverse - between BMI and copper (r = -0.41, p < 0.05). A direct moderate correlation between the concentration of copper in blood serum and content of TCH (r = 0,66, p < 0,05), TG (r = 0,59, p < 0,05) has been determined. Magnesium significantly affects the amount of TCH blood serum (r = -0.80, p < 0.05), and to a lesser extent, the level of HDL (r = 0.63, p < 0.05). There is a close correlation between zinc level and the TCH amount in the blood serum (r = 0.83, p < 0.05). Thus, it has been confirmed that excessive body weight negatively affects on the lipid spectrum of blood, resulting in the increase of a levels of TCH, TG, LDL cholesterol, Cu2+ and in the decrease of HDL cholesterol level of Mg2+ and Zn2+ in the female rats relatively to these parameters in the intact animals. Such changes of the lipid metabolism may significantly increase the risk of atherosclerosis development and lead to the increasing of cardiovascular risk. Therefore, increasing of body weight can be considered as a powerful and reliable predictor of the development of cardiovascular diseases. BMI and CA can be considered as the markers that determine cardiovascular risk. Correlations of various intensities between the BMI, lipid profile and the amount of chemical elements in the erythrocytic mass demonstrate interdependence and the possibility of atherosclerosis development. This close correlation between BMI and lipid profile of blood shows that control of body weight is a significant component of prevention, reducing the frequency of severe complications and death from cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic genesis.

Article recieved: 19.05.2018

Keywords: obesity, cardiovascular system, blood lipids, essential bioelements

Full text: PDF (Ukr)

1. 1. Vlasenko MV, Semeniuk IV, Slobodianiuk GG. Diabetes and adiposity - epidemic of XXI century: a modern approach to the problem. Ukrainian Journal of Therapeutic. 2011;2:50-5.
2. 2. Voronych-Semchenko NM. Сorrelation of thyroid status withindexes of lipid metabolism and thelevel of psycho-physiologicdevelopment of children with latenthypo- thyrosis. Journal of Physiologic. 2008;54(3):64-7.
3. 3. Gidzinskaya IM, Moroz GZ, Lasyt- sya TS, Bezugla MV. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk: contemporary ideas. Arterial hypertension. 2012;2(22):111-7.
4. 4. Yermolenko NO, Zarudna OI, Holyk IV. Obesity – the problem of modernity. Nursing. 2016;(1):23-6.
5. 5. Zielinska NB. Obesity and metabolic syndrome in children. Clinical Endocrinology and En- docrine Surgery. 2013;4(45):62-72.
6. 6. Nagorna NV, Dubova GV, Bordyugova YeV, Koval AP. Features of macro- and micronutrients level in cardiovascular diseases. Health of the Child. 2012;4(39):129-35.
7. 7. Nekrut DO, Zaichko NV. Effect of a combined high-fatty diet and thiolactone hyperhomocysteinemia on mass, growth and on biochemical markers of the liver in rats. Buk Med Herald. 2017;21(2)(82):36-41.
8. 8. Marushchak MI, Myalyuk OP, Klishch IM. Experimental alimentary obesity: apoptosis, antioxidant system, macro- and microelements in the liver. Medical and Clinical Chemistry. 2015;17(4):29-33.
9. 9. Sokolenko VL, Sokolenko SV. The interaction between lipid exchange and thyroid status in the conditions of prolonged influence of small doses of radiation. Regul Mech Biosyst. 2017;8(2):231-8.
10. 10. Suslyk GJ, Kapustynska OS, Giryavenko OJa. The role of macro-and microelements in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical endocrinology and endocrine surgery. 2014;2(47):19-24.
11. 11. Tkachenko VI, Bagrо TA. The role of potassium and magnesium in the treatment of cardiovas- cular diseases Medicine of Ukraine. 2016;3(199):33-6.
12. 12. Chade AR, Hall John E. Role of the renal microcirculation in progression of chronic kidney injury in obesity. American Journal of Nephrology 2016;44(5):354-67. doi.org/10.1159/000452365
13. 13. Beattie JH, Gordon M-J, Duthie SJ, McNeil CJ. Suboptimal dietary zinc intake promotes vascular inflammation and atherogenesis in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012;56:1097-105. doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201100776
14. 14. Lee BY, Bartsch SM, Mui Y, Haid- ari LF, Spiker ML, Gittelsohn J. A systems approach to obesity. Nutr Rev. 2017;Jan;75(Suppl 1):94-106.
15. 15. Benjamin EJ. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017. Updat Circulation. 2017;Mar 7;135(10):e146-e603.
16. 16. Hruby A, O'Donnell CJ, Jacques PF, Meigs JB, Hoffmann U, McKeown NM. Magnesium intake is inversely associated with coronary artery calcification: the framingham heart study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7(1):59-69. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2013.10.006
17. 17. Blundell JE, Baker JL, Boyland E, Blaak E, Charzewska J, de Henauw S. et al. Variations in the Preva- lence of Obesity Among European Countries, and a Consideration of Possible Causes. Obes Facts. 2017;Mar;10(1):25-37.
18. 18. Parham M, Amini M, Aminorroaya A, Heidarian E. Effect of zinc supplementation on microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Rev Diab Studies. 2008;5:102-9. doi.org/10.1900/RDS.2008.5.102
19. 19. Peng R, Li Y. Low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are associated with lipid profile in depres- sive patients with long symptom duration. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2017;217:99-104. doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.055
20. 20. Ruiz C, Alegria A, Barbery R, Farré R, Lagarda J. Selenium, zinc and copper in plasma of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in different metabolic control states. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2009;12(2):91-5. doi.org/10.1016/S0946-672X(98)80031-X
21. 21. Seet RCS, Lee CYJ, Lim ECH, Quek AM, Huang H, Huang SH et al. Oral zinc supplementation does not improve oxidative stress or vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes with normal zinc levels. Atherosclerosis. 2011;219:231-9. doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.07.097