The article is dedicated to studying the impact of physical activity on the graduated dynamics of the cardiovascular system of students with low health in four stages of physical education. The study involved 48 students with low levels of health, who were randomly divided into control and experimental (24 students in each) groups. Research conducted over two years of study at the department of physical education and sports medicine of Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University. For the students involved in the experimental group special dosed exercise programs have been developed, and the control groups worked according to the curriculum. In the study physiology, biomedical and pedagogical methods were applied.

Indicators of cardiovascular system were studied through the registration electrocardiograms (12) in prone position at the beginning of class, before and after the execution of another attempt dosed exercise, at the end of classes and 1 minute after its completion. Effect of dosage control exercise classes on the performance of the cardiovascular system was studied, A. Mahlovanyy, M. Mizerov, (1995), Letunov tests – 30 deep squats in 45 sec. and Ruffie Test. Functional shifts indicators and adaptive capacity of the cardiovascular system were studied by comparing current physiological curve, average pulse value of classes and their maximum heart rate, analysis of precordial – ventricular (P-Q) and intra – ventricular (Q, R, S) conduction T- wave amplitude was performed. As an extracurricula activity, in the laboratory, at the beginning of each stage of training and at the end of the study, and recorded heart rate and pulse pressure, after 30 deep squats in 45 s and 1-minute recovery, index of cardiovascular Ruffie test were calculated. In the study dosed exercise influence on the stages of physical education classes in dynamics of the cardiovascular system, the amplitude of the P wave, R & S and their morphology were analyzed. The obtained data at the beginning of the first phase showed that the reaction parameters of the cardiovascular system to dosed physical load in the control classes and performed tests by the students in both groups was almost identical, and improved adaptation of the cardiovascular system at the end of the first phase of studies were marked only by students in the experimental group. Results of the study showed that dose-control exercise classes at the beginning of each stage of physical education classes caused functional changes in students from the experimental group, which reflects their adequacy, and students in the control group received performance of the cardiovascular system, which indicated the presence of excessive exercise.

Characteristics of the functional performance of cardiovascular failure in the experimental group of students at each of the stages indicate that physiological mechanisms of adaptation of the cardiovascular system of students in the experimental group were significantly higher. The results of the research revealed that the dosed exercise in the control classes at the beginning of each phase caused shift in the parameters of the cardiovascular system, reflecting the adequacy of the applicable exercise; dosage level of physical activity in terms of heart rate and their intensification from stage to stage increased significantly, while physiological parameters, which determined the adequacy of the dosed physical activity, showed stable performance of the cardiovascular system. Feasibility of stages in the two-year cycle of training with gradual increase in dosage of physical activity and reduced time to reach maximum heart rate and the number of repetitions in one session was proved.

Ключові слова: cardiovascular system, adaptation, dosed physical

Повний текст: PDF (Ukr)

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