The purpose of the research was to study the peculiarities of a bone regeneration in an artificial jaw defects of the rabbits after filling with crushed composite osteograft.

The experimental study was carried out on 20 rabbits with artificial defects of the alveolar upper jaw bone. Animals were divided into 4 groups depending on the defect filling method. Morphological study of biopsies was carried out after prior decalcification of the jaws with 10 % Trilon B solution in borate buffer (pH 7,2). Paraffin embedded samples were sectioned on 10 microns thickness and stained by hematoxylin and eosin.

Results and discussion. Morphological study of bone fragments was carried out on the 14, 30 and 90 days after the experiment. In all cases on the 14-th day of observation, the defects were filled by cellular granulation tissue with inflammation. On the 30-th day in samples of the control group the processes of destruction and lysis of the surrounding bone tissue have been continued. In the first experimental group active osteogenesis from the side of the preserved bone and in the regenerate mass was observed; also significant proliferation of osteogenic endossal cells with their transformation into osteoblasts and bone matrix formation were marked. In the second experimental group there is uniform regeneration with development of cartilage, indicating slow osteogenesis due to the lack of periosteum tissue influence. In samples of the third experimental group the most active proliferation of osteogenic cells and bone resorbtion with fast formation of the new osteons was observed. On the 90-th day in samples of the control group the entire defect was filled with adipose tissue and dense connective tissue. In samples of the first experimental group reparation was almost completed in the upper half of the defect, while the bottom of the defect was filled with connective fibrous structures. Bone edges there were of osteolisis. In samples of the second experimental group osteogenesis was developing morphologically adequately but the process was not completely terminated. The most structurally complete bone regeneration was found in samples of the third experimental group, all mass of the regenerate was almost homogeneous throughout the experimental defect.

The obtained results show that the most optimal is the method of application of the proposed composite graft directly into the defect and its covering with demineralized allogenic rib plate. In this version at the end of the observation the healed defect was undistinguished from bone tissues, neither by the shape nor structure.

Ключові слова: defect of the upper jaw, composite osteogenic graft, allogenic rib, bone grafting, regeneration, morphology

Повний текст: PDF (Ukr)

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