The article presents modern principles of methodological design practical training: setting goals, content, tools, organizational structure and methodological support on the base of practical lessons „Asthma in Children’s Health” in the Medical Faculty, for the 4th year students of Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University. Diagnostic criteria and treatment of asthma have been constantly reviewed and improved in recent years, which included classification changes; particularly it is difficult to achieve complete control of the disease within medical practice, which needs to be emphasized for students.

The publication emphasized, that medical student is in the centre of learning, as a subject of educational process, and the main purpose of education is proper level of specialist professional training; in the 21st century student during his learning should take not passive, but active position. Each student preparing for practical lesson should write self-study, including answers to check questions from methodical recommendations and to write 2–3 medication prescription related to the specific diagnosis, for which the student receives points that are part of the evaluation process.

The article also highlights the importance of encouraging students to do scienctific work by preparing informational message on the topic which presents the biggest interest for them and which is related to the topic of the lesson, presenting material to classmates under the supervision of a teacher; that helps to ovserve the students in discussion and select the most gifted students with abilities in scientific work; besides, they get points, which are added to the total points for the class.

Personal involvement of students in educational process is essential – when interactive technologies are included, with students visiting patients, when the clinical situation is considered, as well as patient’s clinical situation, incuding medical history, using „case method”, which involves simultaneous joint work of students, who are divided into subgroups, discussion of the problem in general circle, discussion of methods (students, students with a teacher). In case of the absence of patient’s pathology, a „role play” method is used, where students can use their knowledge to solve clinical task as a „doctor”, and create their clinical situation as being a „patient”. It is important to teach students to cooperate with a patient and his/her relatives. It is important to remember that clinical thinking develops in the process of student’s learning at the patient’s bedside, which cannot be replaced with phantoms, videos or trained actors, because it is impossible to study medicine in absentia.

Ways of improving organization of independent work by creating a remote server studying at the university are offered, so as student preparing for the classes could use modern reliable information saving time for searching one on the Internet or in library, moreover internet publications usually have a character of general data, and the compliers do not take responsibility for data reliability, and student users have little experience to analyze and mark out necessary qualitative information.

Structure sections are recommended: teaching and reference block (presentation of lectures notes, research articles visual materials (tables, video, audio materials, block photos); block of self-control and testing means (testing in training mode); organizational and methodological block (methodological guidelines, syllabus, work and consultation schedule, schedule of control module).

The importance not only controling the level of knowledge during practical classes, but influencing the world of a student is pointed.

Ключові слова: teaching, asthma, children, students

Повний текст: PDF (Ukr)

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