At the modern stage of science and technology development the issue of electromagnetic pollution has become more potential and dangerous. Most of household appliances generate electromagnetic field, the level of which is much higher then its boundary values. Current physical factor affects the living objects at different levels of their organization. Low-intensity electromagnetic radiation causes various functional changes in organ systems. It is considered, that plasma membrane is the main target of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation effect. As far as the investigation of plasma membrane iontransported systems under the influence of physical-chemical factors is the actual target in a modern biophysics, the main goal of our research was to compare the mobile phone frequency microwave radiation effects with various specific absorption rate (SAR) on loach embryos Na+, K+-ATPase activity.

The experiment has been carried out on loach embryos (Misgurnus fossilis L.). Zygotes were exposed to radiation at frequencies of mobile communication once and immediately after fertilization (1, 5, 10 and 20 minutes exposure). Among the sources of microwave radiation we used the mobile phones in “on” mode (Nokia 5230, SAR = 1,1 W/kg; Sony Ericsson K750i, SAR = 0,99 W/kg) and “stand-by” mode (Nokia 5230, SAR = 1,1 W/kg) in a distance of 3 centimeters above the Petri dishes. Specific absorption rate, which represents the mobile phone electromagnetic radiation harmful effect (according to cell phone documentation) was applied to evaluate the level of radiation. Specific Na+, K+-ATPase system activity was calculated as a difference between the amount of inorganic phosphate released in the presence and in the absence of 1mM ouabain in the incubation medium, including the loss of endogenous phosphorus г in membrane preparation, expressed in micromoles г per hour per milligram of protein. The amount of endogenous phosphorus was measured using modified Fiske-Subbarow method, quantitation of total protein content in the membrane preparation was determined by Lowry method.

The biological effects, caused by microwave radiation are the following: changes of intracellular ion concentration; changes of biomolecule synthesis velocity, etc. It has been established that various duration electromagnetic radiation leads to the decrease of loach embryos Na+, K+-ATPase activity.

The results of recent studies indicate that mobile phone frequency microwave radiation (SAR = 0,99 and 1,1 W/kg exposure) leads to the decrease of Na+, K+-ATPase activity on each developmental stage. Nokia mobile phone (SAR = 1,1 W/kg) causes more considerable ATP-hydrolase activity inhibition compared to Sony Ericsson electromagnetic radiation source with lower specific absorption rate on each studied stage of development. Character of changes in enzyme activity stores on conditions of different mobile phones radiation influence.

Na+, K+-ATPase activity during loach early embryogenesis under the action of 1 min exposure microwave radiation has not changed confidentially. However, 20 minutes exposure has resulted in significant enzyme inhibition activity on each stage of development. On the stage of 64, 256 and 1024 blastomeres the decrease of Na+, K+-ATPase activity under the influence of microwave radiation source in standby mode 5 and 10 minutes duration has been admitted.

Current data indicates mobile phone electromagnetic waves negative effect (Nokia, SAR = 1,1 W/kg exposure) on Na+, K+-ATPase activity while communicating over the phone and during standby mode as well.

Keywords: microwave radiation, Na+, K+-ATPase, loach embryos

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