At the influence of harmfull factors on the organism, in the biological system there is an increase intensities of free-radical reactions, the actions of which are prevented by the antioxidant system of the organism defence, belong to that superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Their basic function consists in neutralization to the О2•– and Н2О2.

It is known that at certain pathologic conditions and under action of some medicinal substances content of free histamine increases in blood. Free histamine causes: spasm of smooth muscles, expansion of capillaries and lowering of arterial pressure; bradyhemarrhea and increase of permeability of their walls in capillaries; swelling of surrounding tissues and condensing of blood.

Presently as inactivator of toxins at different poisoning of organism sodium hypochlorite solution is used, that operates not only in a gastrointestinal tract but also in blood and tissues of organs. This solution owns strong oxidizing properties. It is untoxic, does not cause allergic reactions and does not accumulate in an organism that is why the aim of this work was to analyse the state of the system of antioxidant defence of liver and kidneys of rat for the actions of solutions of histamine and sodium hypochlorite.

To resolve the abovementioned tasks investigation was conducted on white nonlinear male rats, during 21 days twenty-four hours. The first group of animals was as control. To the animals of the second and third groups, during 14 days, hypodermic solutions of histamine, in doses 1 and 8 mcg/kg accordingly were administered. Animals of the 4th group were given solution of sodium hypochlorite, in the concentration of 20 mg/l, during 14 hours. Two groups were formed, and the animals of both groups were administered histamine (both investigated doses) and sodium hypochlorite. Starting from 14 hours the animals were left for rehabilitation up to 21 and twenty-four hours. On the first, seventh, fourteenth and twenty first (rehabilitation) and twenty-fourth hours, five animals from every group, were decapitated under easy etheric narcosis, the tests of liver and kidneys were taken. In the selected tests activity of enzymes – superoxide dismutase was determined after the method of V.А. Кostiyk, catalase after the method of М.А. Koroliyk and glutathione peroxidase after the method of V.М. Moin.

It is set as a result of our researches, that histamine conduces to violation activity of enzymes of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase of kidney and liver tissues.

The analysis of activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant system of rats liver showed that simultaneous administration of sodium hypochlorite solutions and histamine, by a dose of 1 mcg/kg, positively effect on superoxide dismutase, however, activity of other investigated enzymes is considerably violated. Such dynamics is not kept at kidney examination. It is known that liver is the only organ that contains all enzymes of cycle of ammonia urea formation. Ammonia that appears in other tissues, in a liver transforms in to untoxic product-urea that is distinguished in blood and discharge kidneys.

Thus, well-investigated ammonia, in the reaction of histamine with histaminase, in liver easily transforms in to urea. Therefore more subzero doses of histamine cause less damage on tissues of rat liver.

Probably, the additional amount of histamine predetermines formation of NH3 and in kidneys, where it defeats them. In kidneys only 8% NH3 are rendered as harmless, while in the liver 90%.

Sodium hypochlorite has expressed negative effect on kidneys. It is known that in norm the ions of Na+ are needed for reabsorption of hydrocarbonates by kidney canals. However, if excessive amount of ions of Na+ (from sodium hypochlorite) enters the system, then it, probably, violates the processes of reabsorption that is represented in the activity of enzymes antioxidant system.

The results of analysis of variance confirmed considerable influence of sodium hypochlorite on the activity of rat kidney enzymes.

Keywords: histamine, sodium hypochlorite, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathion peroxidase, kidney, liver

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