Anthropometry in overweight, generally obese and abdominally obese children and adolescents and their connection with metabolic syndrome criteria were studied. To study were included 225 children and adolescents aged 9 to 18 years: 1 group – 70 overweight and obese children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome and without abdomen obesity, 2 group – 90 overweight and obese children and adolescents with abdomen obesity, 3 group – 65 children and adolescents with normal body mass for whom examination of anthropometry data, blood pressure, cholesterol, high density cholesterol, low density cholesterol, very low density cholesterol, non-high-density cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose and insulin, index HOMA-IR were conducted.

Body mass (p1=0,001) and body mass index (p1,3=0,001; p2,3=0,001;), circumference of the neck (p1,3=0,001; p2,3=0,001;), waist (p1,3=0,001; p2,3=0,001), hip (p1,3=0,001; p2,3=0,001), waist/hip ratio (p1,3=0,001; p2,3= 0,001), square body surface (p1,3=0,001; p2,3=0,001) in children and adolescents of the 1 group and 2 group were significantly higher than in children and adolescents of the 3 group. The same anthropometry data, except circumference of the neck, in children of the 2 group were sensitively higher than in children of the 1 group. The rate of arterial hypertension in overweight and generally obese children with metabolic syndrome (45,7%; p=0,001) and in abdominally obese children with metabolic syndrome (60,0%; p=0,001) was sensitively higher than in children of control group, in whom arterial hypertension was not diagnosed.

Highly significant correlation was found between body mass index (the sign of overweight and general obesity) and glucose concentration (r=0,39; p=0,028), non-high density cholesterol (r=0,28; p=0,028), arterial hypertension (r=0,43; p=0,001) in overweight and generally obese children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome that indicates connection of body mass increasing with hyperglycemia, dislipidemia, and arterial hypertension.

In children and adolescents of the 2 group waist circumference (the sign of abdomen obesity) had highly significant correlation with arterial hypertension (r=0,49; p=0,001), especially systolic blood pressure (r=0,62; p=0,001), total cholesterol (r=0,30; p=0,034), non-high density cholesterol (r=0,33; p=0,001), low density cholesterol (r=0,21; p=0,013), very low density cholesterol (r=0,20; p=0,017), insulin (r=0,42; p=0,003), НОМА-IR (r=0,35; p=0,016). Correlation of anthropometry data with high density cholesterol in children and adolescents of the 1 group and 2 group was not proved (r1=0,040; p=0,533) and (r2=0,09; p=0,510).

It was determined, that the anthropometry data – neck, waist and hip circumference, waist / hip circumference ratio, body mass index and body surface are biomarkers of metabolic syndrome in overweight, generally and abdominally obese children. By body mass increasing, overweight and general obesity formation in children with metabolic syndrome atherogenic dislipidemia, hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension were determined. With the formation of abdomen obesity more serious metabolic and hemodynamic changes were estimated: increasing of atherogenic lipoproteids, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.

The overweight, general obesity and the abdomen obesity must be accounted as the basic metabolic syndrome criterions. Overweight, generally and abdominally obese children must be dynamically observed and preventive treatment for them must be prescribed.

Keywords: anthropometry data, metabolic syndrome, children and adolescents

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