The objective of our work is presented in a thorough study of the issue of topohrafoanatomic localization of rat retina in intact eye. The goal was achieved through the use of modern complex of morphological methods.

Object and methods of investigation. The following methods were used: postmortem dissection to obtain rapid access to the muscles of the eyeball, eye enucleation; fixation, followed by obtaining histological sections and their subsequent painting. The material for the study were sexually mature rats – males weighing 160 g line “Wistar”, age 4.5–7.5 months in the count of 5 – animals. All animals were in vivarium conditions and the work that dealt with issues of maintenance, care, and marking all other manipulations were conducted with the provisions of the “European Convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and scientific purposes [Strazburh, 1985], “General ethics of animal experiments, “the approved first National Congress of bioethyc [Kyiv, 2001]. All animals were kept in vivarium conditions and the work carried out under the provisions of the Directive of the European Community on 24 November 1986 by the Bioethyc Commission in Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University, found that the research conducted met ethical requirements by order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine № 231 from 01. 11. 2000 (Issue № 2 dated February 20, 2012). Before the taking of biopsy material animal were narcotized by means of thiopenta administration (estimated at 25 mh/1kh ). In conducting the post-mortem injections injected into the composition consisting of 50 ml of liquid black stain (JSC“Gamma”, Russia) was added to 50 ml cream milk 30% and slowly mixed to obtain a homogeneous solution and then held posthumous other injection followed by enucleation of the eye for the purpose of enlightenment membranes of the eyeball. The material used for microstructure studies were rat eyeballs with regard to the preservation of topographic correlation membranes of the eye. Histological preparations were prepared by the conventional method using a dye (Azan) in Haydenhayn method. Complex of methods used gave us the opportunity to explore the full features topographoanatomichal localization of rat retina in normal conditions.

As a result of our research we installed central macular zone boundary pherypheral and the average area of the rat retina. For the macular area characterized by an oblique directed fibers, ganglion layer thickening and numerous rods. To area, called the dentate line is characteristic sharp thinning of the sensory retina, which later turns into uncoated layer of tsiliary epithelium. The layers of the retina are undetected on the pheryphery of the dentate line, Mьller glia cells and neurons replace the inner boundary membrane thickens and goes into the basement membrane of the pigment epithelium, forming a locking portion, which occurs in the process of fixing retinal perypheria.

The second transition zone of the retinais located around the optic nerve, which also shaped by locking piece fixing its central part. Our data make it possible to continue comparative characteristics of the study area at different pathology, as well as pathological changes in the early and late to study correction term caused by experimental chronic drug addiction.

Ключові слова: topography, retina, rat

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