The article shows the evolution of system of sanitary supervision in the western region of Ukraine. Since the XV century broad medical and preventive measures aimed at protecting health became an integral part of the health care system and sanitary inspection in western Ukraine.

The article shows origins of sanitary-educational measures applied during epidemics, given the characteristics of preventive measures in different historical periods of public administration system and the subordination of the territories of Western Ukraine.

Highlights the first steps of sanitary – educational work among the population aimed at the prevention of epidemics in the region.

The conducted study proved the role of government in the development of health improvement in the monitoring of the sanitary condition of the settlements, the quality of the objects of the environment, safety for the population, living conditions, work, etc. Separately the article highlighted activities of magistrates as a body of local selfgovernment in the creation of sanitary legislation, in the distribution of powers and responsibility for shaping its violation.

Information on sanitary and hygienic measures which were carried out in the late XIX – early XX century in western Ukraine, is extremely insignificant and very little research has been done. The emergence and spread of epidemics was conditioned by living conditions, lack of food, warm clothes and shoes, hard and exhausting labor, lack of sanitary culture among the population and the lack of health beautification in communities.

With the development of the healthcare industry and realization of the need for public administration of issues of sanitary-epidemiological safety of the population and the state as a whole, there was the creation of regional systems of supervision and control of the sanitary situation.

We have studied the development of surveillance system and control over the sanitary situation in Western Ukraine in the late XIX – early XX centuries.

Development of normative methodological and organizational support, use of preventive measures extensively hosted in the territories that were under Polish rule. These areas were enacted with the Polish sanitary rules, the basis of which was the “Basic Sanitary Statute”. In this document the issue of the legal provision of sanitary measures received legal status.

In various parts of the western region of Ukraine own systems and organs were formed that provided sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population. Also there were “Councils of health”, “Governments of health”, “Sanitary councils”, “General sanitary inspection” and so on. This multiplicity is due to the lack of unified methodological and organizational principles of control and management of sanitary and epidemiological work in the region.

Ключові слова: sanitary inspection, sanitary legislation, preventive medicine, history of medicine

Повний текст: PDF (Ukr)