Cadmium intake can cause disruption of adaptive processes and contribute to the development of various pathologies. The features of the CNS determine the individualization of the body’s response to factors of any nature.

Aim of the study. To investigate the dynamics of calcium, glucose, cholesterol concentration, alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activity in the blood serum of white rats with active and passive behavior types subject to long-term exposure to cadmium.

Materials and methods. The type of behavior was determined by the «open field» test. Aqueous solutions of cadmium sulfate were administered daily on an empty stomach at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days. On the 3rd, 5th, 10th and 30th day of the experiments, the total calcium, cholesterol, glucose concentration, alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferase activity in the blood serum were determined.

Results. It was found that cadmium leads to a decrease in serum calcium concentration and an increase in glucose, cholesterol and aminotransferase activity in both groups of animals, but to a greater extent in passive ones. Alkaline phosphatase activity changed in a wave-like manner. The maximum changes were recorded at the end of the experiments for all studied indicators. Hypocalcemia and multidirectional changes in alkaline phosphatase activity characterize the processes of decreasing the mineral density of the bone system. Increased enzyme activity, glucose concentration, cholesterol indicate damage to the liver, pancreas with a higher metabolic intensity in animals with an active type of behavior. The effect of cadmium in the group of passive animals can lead to the development of osteoporosis more quickly than in the active ones.

Conclusions. The intensity, direction and development over time of the studied indicators depend on the level of spontaneous activity. White rats with active behavior type are more resistant to the effects of cadmium.

Keywords: cadmium, active and passive behavior type, blood serum, biochemical indicators

Full text: PDF (Ukr)

1. Environmental Health Criteria 134: Cadmium. WHO; Geneva, Switzerland: 1992. http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc134.ht.
2. Food additives. Series 46: CADMIUM. WHO; Geneva, 2001. https://inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je11.htm.
3. Preventing Disease through Healthy Environments: Exposure to Cadmium: A Major Public Health Concern. WHO, 2019. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-CED-PHE-EPE-19-4-3.
4. Fedorenko VI. The substantiation of the maximum daily permissible doses of the lead and cadmium in everyday diet. Med Perspect.2019;24(1):73-80.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2019.1.162310
5. Ryabukha OI, Fedorenko VI. Environmental determinants of thyroid pathology. Med Perspect. 2021. Т. 26, № 6. С. 169-178.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.242253
6. Fatima G, Raza AM, Hadi N, Nigam N, Mahdi AA. Cadmium in Human Diseases: It's More than Just a Mere Metal. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2019. Vol. 34. № 4. P. 371-378.doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00839-8
7. Hocaoglu-Ozyigit A, Genc BN. Cadmium in plants, humans and the environmen. Front Life Sci RT. 2020. Vol. 1. № 1. P. 12-21. http://www.dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/flsrt.
8. Balali-Mood M, Naseri K, Tahergorabi Z, Khazdair MR, Sadeghi M. Toxic mechanisms of five heavy metals: Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic. Front. Pharmacol. 2021.№ 12. P. 1-18.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.643972
9. Fedorenko YuV, Gzhegotsky MR. The influence of the combined effect of immobilization stress and cadmium on the dynamics of biochemical parameters in rats wits active and passive type of behavior. Fiziol. Zh]. 2020; 66(1):44-51.doi.org/10.15407/fz66.01.044
10. Antomonov МY, Korobeinikov HV, Khmelnytska ІV, Kharkovliuk-Balakina NV. Mathematical methods of processing and modeling the results of experimental studies. Kyiv: Olimpiiska literatura.2021; 216 с.
11. Khopta NS, Erstenyuk AM. Metabolic changes in the bone tissue of animals under conditions of experimental cadmiosis. Scientific Journal «ScienceRise «BiologicalScience». 2018, № 5 (14):31-35.doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2018.147090
12. Khyzhnyak SV. Cell functioning under cadmium intocsicatson. Ukrayinskyj zhurnal suchasnyx problem toksykologiyi].2009;1:54-58. http://medved.kiev.ua/web_journals/arhiv/toxicology/2009/1_2009/str54.pdf.
13. Aldhamin AS, Hamid NM. Alterations in biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes in male mice as biomarkers of exposure to pollution with Cadmium. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2022. Vol.6. № 1. P. 1794-1797.